Refactor the pipe/eventfd abstraction

This introduces the wakeup fd interface, corresponding approximately to
the existing Google version, complete with a ported giant detailed usage
comment.

The implementation has two layers, "specialized" and "fallback". The
specialized layer is intended to be a suitable platform specific
implementation like eventfd, whereas "fallback" is probably pipe, with
runtime detection of whether the specialized version works on this
system (currently stubbed out).